2023-12-30-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Weekly_bulletin_4_to_31_December_2023_18页_1mb

报告摘要

Epidemiological Summary: Meningitis Situation in West Africa (Weeks 49-52 and 2023)

I. Epidemiological Situation (Weeks 49-52, 2023):

Total Cases: 1,389 suspected meningitis cases reported across 19 countries.
Total Deaths: 55 (Case Fatality Rate: 4.0%).
Alerts/Epidemics:
- Districts crossing epidemic threshold: 42 districts.
  - Benin (1), Cameroon (1), Ghana (1), Nigeria (2).
- Districts crossing alert threshold: 11 districts, primarily in Benin, Cameroon, Ghana, and Nigeria.

II. Annual Summary (2023):

Total Cases (2023): 28,421 suspected cases.
Total Deaths (2023): 1,238 (Case Fatality Rate: 4.4%).
Countries Reporting Outbreaks: 8 countries reported districts crossing epidemic thresholds, with Ethiopia and DR Congo reporting the highest numbers.
Districts Enforcing Enhanced Surveillance: 56 districts across 24 countries.

III. Laboratory Data (2023):

Positive Samples: 1,657 (NmC: 57.1%, Spn: 31.1%, NmW: 3.4%, Hib: 3.1%, Hi non-b: 1.7%).
Recommendations:
- Improve lumbar puncture practice.
- Strengthen laboratory infrastructure for pathogen identification.

IV. Key Campaigns and Outcomes:

Maternal Tetanus Neonatorum (MTN) Elimination:
- Annual meeting held in November 2023 featuring 16 participating countries.
- Reinforced primary health care and universal health coverage.
MenAfriVac Initiative:
- Countries introduced MenAfriVac: Benin (2022), Guinea-Bissau (2023), Guinea and Togo (2021).
- Catch-up campaigns for children aged 1-9 years completed in some countries.
Reactive Meningitis C Vaccination:
- Niger: Vaccinated 528,801 people (2-29 years) in districts with NmC outbreaks.
- Nigeria: Vaccinated 226,440 people (2-29 years) in Jigawa State with 115% coverage.
- Both campaigns led to a significant reduction in meningitis C cases.