世界银行-博内尔岛可持续城市发展承载力研究（英）-2024-60页_9mb

The World Bank’s Bonaire Sustainable Urban Development Carrying Capacity Study (2023) assesses population growth, tourism expansion, and infrastructure strain on the Caribbean island. The research uses a "Pressure-Capacity-Potential" framework suggesting maximum social and economic activity a city can sustain without compromising ecosystem or social stability. The study identifies complications with current policies due to lack of harmonization, trade-offs between economic growth and cultural/spatial planning, and poverty exacerbating inequality. Findings indicate tourism-dependency, ecosystem degradation, and climate change vulnerability. Three growth scenarios were evaluated to estimate impacts of population/profession tourism increases on critical factors such as water, housing, waste management, energy, etc. It was discovered that increasing tourism arrivals contribute directly to GDP increase (3%) but also lead to population surge (5.6%) implying major strain on infrastructure and environment. Recommendations emphasize diversity economic benefits, integrated planning, enhanced environmental protections, fair housing allocation access, addressing climate vulnerabilities, and updating building codes.