2011年-世界发展银行全球_Philippines_-_Typhoons_Ondoy_and_Pepeng___Post-Disaster_Needs_Assessment_-_Sector_Reports_164页_29mb

Summary of Post-Disaster Needs Assessment for Typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng

Core Content

This document outlines the Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) conducted after the typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng (international names Ketsana and Parma), which caused significant damage and losses across various sectors of the Philippine economy. The assessment quantifies the damage and losses, identifies the economic and social impacts, and proposes recovery and reconstruction strategies to address the aftermath.

Main Sectors Covered

The assessment includes the following main sectors:

• Productive Sectors: Agriculture, Enterprise Sector
• Social Sectors: Housing, Education, Cultural Heritage, Health
• Infrastructure Sectors: Electricity, Water Supply and Sanitation, Flood Control, Transport, Telecommunications
• Cross-Sectoral Issues: Local Government, Employment and Livelihoods, Social Impacts, Financial Sector, Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)

Key Findings and Main Points

Economic Impact

• The typhoons caused Php 3.8 billion in damage and Php 24.8 billion in immediate losses in the agriculture, fisheries, and forestry sector.
• These disasters affected about 480,000 farmers in 7 regions of Luzon.
• The agriculture sector accounts for 16% of GDP but is crucial to the Philippine economy, providing nearly 40% of total employment.
• The total damage and losses amounted to about 2.7% of GDP, with the National Capital Region (NCR) accounting for 38% of total GDP.

Sector-Specific Damage and Losses

Regional Damage and Losses

• Region I had the highest damage at Php 963 million.
• Region III followed with Php 935 million.
• Region II had Php 566 million in damage.
• CAR had Php 420 million in damage.
• Region IV-A had Php 259 million in damage.
• Region V had Php 162 million in damage.
• Region IV-B had Php 64 million in damage.

Priority Recovery and Reconstruction Needs

• Rice farming areas (especially Regions I, II, and III) should be prioritized for recovery and reconstruction due to their high contribution to the sector.
• Irrigation systems are critical, with level 1 and 2 damages needing urgent attention.
• Reconstruction costs are estimated at Php 2.8 billion for level 2 damages, with 85% sourced from public funds.
• Recovery costs are estimated at Php 13.7 billion, with 89% from public funds.

Financial Needs

• Total recovery cost: Php 13.7 billion
• Total reconstruction cost: Php 2.8 billion
• Total financial needs (short and medium term): Php 14.967 billion

Social Impact

• The poor and vulnerable were disproportionately affected, especially those living in informal settlements and dangerous areas such as floodplains and river embankments.
• The disaster is expected to push some above the poverty line back into poverty, with an estimated 3 percentage point increase in poverty in Luzon and 0.5 percentage point increase nationwide in 2009.

Key Recommendations

• Implement transparent, accountable, and results-based recovery and reconstruction programs.
• Adopt community-based, people-centered, and equitable approaches to ensure alignment with real needs.
• Focus on reducing future disaster risks through integrated disaster risk management plans.
• Strengthen local governance to play a key role in disaster recovery and risk mitigation.
• Ensure timely restoration of irrigation systems to prevent further losses in rice and corn production.
• Support micro and small medium enterprises (MSMEs) and financial sector recovery to restore economic activity.

Conclusion

Typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng caused extensive damage and losses, particularly in agriculture, irrigation, and infrastructure sectors, with a total economic impact equivalent to 2.7% of GDP. The PDNA highlights the urgent need for recovery and reconstruction in these sectors, especially for vulnerable populations and irrigation systems. It also emphasizes the importance of proactive disaster risk management, community engagement, and transparent financial mechanisms to ensure effective and equitable recovery.