2008-01-26-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Week_1-_4,_31_December_2007_to_27_January_2008_9页_524kb

Summary of MDSC Meningitis Weekly Bulletin: Week 1-4, 2008

Epidemiological Overview

The bulletin covers the period from December 31, 2007, to January 27, 2008 (weeks 1-4 of 2008). It reports on cerebrospinal meningitis cases, deaths, lethality rates, and alert/epidemic status across several African countries. High lethality rates were observed in countries like Burkina Faso (16.0%) and Benin (3.3%). A total of 1,383 cases and 193 deaths were reported, with an overall lethality rate of 13.9%. Graphical representations include maps of attack rates by district and trends for consecutive years; however, detailed data for all countries is not fully available for this period, and only partial years are plotted.

Country-specific Details

• Burkina Faso: 774 cases, 124 deaths (16.0% lethality). Five districts are under alert (Sapouy, Séguénéga, Saponé, Banfora, Gaoua), and one is in epidemic (Mangodara). A vaccination campaign with 1,167,000 doses of AC vaccine was conducted.
• Benin: 57 cases, 3 deaths (5.3% lethality). Critical situation in Atacora region with risk of mixed epidemic due to NmW135 and NmA cases.
• Cote d'Ivoire: 37 cases, 7 deaths (18.9% lethality). No alerts or epidemics reported, but data completeness needs improvement. Two districts near Mangodara (Burkina Faso) are not covered.
• Niger: 130 cases, 10 deaths (7.7% lethality). No alerts or epidemics, but lab isolates show NmA and Spn cases. Stockpile of 500,000 AC vaccine doses.
• Nigeria: 52 cases, 9 deaths (17.3% lethality). Two districts under alert (Gagarawa, Kurmi states). Vivax malaria co-circulation noted.
• Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo): 167 cases, 17 deaths (13.8% lethality). Three epidemic and one alert district in eastern Bunia province.
• Cameroon, Ethiopia, Chad: No alerts or epidemics reported (silent countries).
• Overall, NmA and Spn pathogens dominate in epidemic districts, with most countries having stockpiled AC vaccines.

Pathogen Identification

From PCR, LATEX, and CULTURE tests, a total of 105 cases were pathogen-specific: primarily NmA and Spn isolates across countries. The data shows NmA more prevalent in epidemic zones.

Additional Data

Graphical analyses (maps and trends) were provided for cumulative attack rates and weekly case comparisons for years 2007 and 2008 for some countries (e.g., Benin, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria). Ticks: Vaccination efforts are ongoing, but data gaps exist for full country coverage.