2009-05-09-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Week_19,_4-10_May_2009_12页_1mb

MDSC Meningitis Weekly Bulletin Summary

I. Epidemiological Situation Week 19 (04-10 May 2009)

• Total Cases (2009 Week 19): 967 cases reported across 10 countries.
• Notable Outbreaks/Alerts:
  • Niger: 192 cases and 8 deaths (lethality <4%). 2 districts in alert, districts in epidemic not specified.
  • Nigeria: 599 cases and 19 deaths (lethality ~3.2%). 7 LGAs in epidemic, 10 in alert.
  • Burkina Faso: 96 cases and 6 deaths (high lethality ~6.3%). Districts Abalak and Tillabéri in alert. Mali: 9 cases and 1 death (high lethality ~11.1%).
  • Other Countries: Varying case numbers, no epidemic alerts.

II. Synthesis of Epidemiological Situation (Weeks 1-19, 2009)

• Trend: Week 19 indicates the epidemic season is likely ending.
• Action: Countries that experienced epidemics should prepare for post-outbreak evaluation and stockpiling for the next season.
• Total Cases (Period): 72,361 cases and 3,803 deaths (global lethality ~5.3%) across 13 countries reporting.
• Alert/Epidemic Criteria: Alert/epidemic thresholds not applicable for countries outside the typical meningitis belt (noted for DR Congo).
• Lethality: High incidence of severe outcomes with significant lethality rates in some countries and regions (e.g., Burkina Faso, Mali).

III. Laboratory Identification

• Pathogens identified (by PCR, LTx, Culture) show varying rates of testing and confirmation.
• Niger: High testing rate but relatively low confirmed cases via lab methods.
• Others: Countries like Mali, Burkina Faso, Benin tested samples from around 50% to 65% of suspect cases, but final totals were lower due to other factors not clearly specified. Niger showed the highest testing rate.

IV. Summary Conclusions

• Active meningitis transmission decreased significantly during week 19, marking the end of the 2009 epidemic season in most monitored regions in Africa.
• High cumulative cases and deaths were reported earlier (weeks 1-19) primarily from Nigeria, Niger, and countries like Burkina Faso, Mali, Chad, and Togo.
• Niger faced an intense epidemic within week 19, while Nigeria reported widespread activity throughout the period.
• The lab confirmation rate appeared globally low except in cases where national surveillance systems were noted to be highly efficient (like Niger/DR Congo), but specific confirmation rates during the full period are not uniformly reported in the summary tables.

Key Notes

• Contact: Multi Disease Surveillance Centre (MDSC), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso for further information.
• Data subject to change upon completion and verification.